The Informativeness Improving of Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy under Ultrasound Navigation in Surgical Endocrinology

Abstract

Purpose: Determination of the effectiveness of using a vacuum fine-needle aspiration biopsy compared to fine-needle aspiration biopsy.
Material and methods: An original experimental sample has been developed for performing a vacuum fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Also in the course of the study, an improvement of the device was carried out, associated with the peculiarity of using high pressure (over –0.5 bar), consisting in throwing cytological material from the needle directly into the lumen of the syringe, and its distribution along the walls of the piston with impregnation with a separating tissue membrane. From January to November 2022, 118 vacuum fine-needle aspiration biopsy were performed using a modified technique.
Results: During vacuum fine-needle aspiration biopsy, it was possible to achieve the absence of uninformative cytological material (Bethesda 1) and the receipt of 4.2 % (n = 5) of the amount of atypia of indeterminate value, which indicates the effectiveness of this method.
Conclusions: 1. When performing vacuum fine-needle aspiration biopsy, the stage of taking cytological material is facilitated, which is associated with the creation of a high discharge and filling of the cytological material of the lumen of the needle, this feature contributes to fewer needle movements in the biopsy area and a decrease in the production of blood elements in the aspirate.
2. The use of high discharge does not affect the excessive traumatization of the thyroid parenchyma compared to fine-needle aspiration biopsy.
3. The ability to select the level of discharge depending on the data of multiparametric ultrasound examination, allows you to individualize the procedure.
4. The use of modification in the form of isolation of cytological material in a syringe reduces the loss of cytological material and increases the effectiveness of the technique.