<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ojrdrt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Онкологический журнал: лучевая диагностика, лучевая терапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of oncology: diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-7593</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-167X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НЕКОММЕРЧЕСКОЕ ПАРТНЕРСТВО «ОБЩЕСТВО ИНТЕРВЕНЦИОННЫХ ОНКОРАДИОЛОГОВ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37174/2587-7593-2025-8-2-23-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ojrdrt-435</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЯДЕРНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NUCLEAR MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ ПЭТ/КТ с 68Ga-FAPI и 18F-FDG в диагностике рака пищевода.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Analysis of PET/CT with 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG in the Diagnosis of Esophageal Cancer.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2416-9826</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королёва</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koroleva</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.korolyova@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7226-5129</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тулин</surname><given-names>П. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tulin</surname><given-names>P. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> </p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7045-0977</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абу-Хайдар</surname><given-names>О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abu-Khaidar</surname><given-names>O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7305-0581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уртенова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Urtenova</surname><given-names>A. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1030-1686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скрипачев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skripachev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6294-5826</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соломяный</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solomyany</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6694-9564</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филимонов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filimonov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центp онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>23</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Королёва Е.С., Тулин П.Е., Абу-Хайдар О., Уртенова А.А., Скрипачев И.А., Соломяный В.В., Филимонов А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Королёва Е.С., Тулин П.Е., Абу-Хайдар О., Уртенова А.А., Скрипачев И.А., Соломяный В.В., Филимонов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Koroleva E.S., Tulin P.E., Abu-Khaidar O., Urtenova A.А., Skripachev I.A., Solomyany V.V., Filimonov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.oncoradjournal.ru/jour/article/view/435">https://www.oncoradjournal.ru/jour/article/view/435</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: Провести анализ диагностической ценности ПЭТ/КТ с 68Ga-FAPI-04 в сравнении с 18F-FDG в оценке первичной распространенности рака пищевода. Материалы и методы: В исследование были включены 15 пациентов (10 мужчин, 5 женщин) с морфологически верифицированным раком пищевода. Все пациенты проходили ПЭТ/КТ-исследование с двумя радиофармпрепаратами — ¹⁸F-FDG и ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 в период с января по декабрь 2024 г. Оценивалась визуализация первичной опухоли при ПЭТ/КТ с ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 и ¹⁸F-FDG, метастатического поражения регионарных лимфатических узлов со сравнением уровней накопления обоих РФЛП (SUVmax-bw). Оценка данных проводилась на основании гистологически верифицированного заболевания и данных клинического наблюдения. Результаты: В нашем исследовании ПЭТ/КТ с ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 продемонстрировала лучшую визуализацию регионарных метастазов рака пищевода, выявила большее количество метастазов в регионарных лимфатических узлах в сравнении с 18F-FDG у пациентов с плоскоклеточным раком пищевода. Заключение: ПЭТ/КТ с ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 демонстрирует многообещающие результаты в оценке первичной распространенности рака пищевода. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования на больших когортах пациентов для уточнения роли ПЭТ/КТ с ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 при различных гистологических типах рака.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Purpose: To study the diagnostic value of PET/CT with 68Ga-FAPI compared with 18F-FDG in evaluation of cancer extent of esophageal. Materials and methods: The study included 15 patients (10 men, 5 women) with esophageal cancer. All patients underwent PET/CT with 18F-FDG and ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 from January to December 2024. Primary tumor, metastases in regional lymph nodes were evaluated by PET/CT with ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 and 18F-FDG. Histological verification was performed in all cases. Results: PET/CT with ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 demonstrated high level of visualization of metastases in regional lymph nodes. The method finds a little more metastasis in regional lymph nodes in comparison with PET/CT with 18F-FDG. Conclusion: PET/CT c ⁶⁸GA-FAPI-04 demonstrates promising results in evaluation of cancer extent of esophageal. Further studies on large cohorts of patients are necessary to clarify the role of PET/CT with FAPI-04 for various histological types of esophageal cancer.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ПЭТ/КТ</kwd><kwd>68Ga-FAPI</kwd><kwd>18F-FDG</kwd><kwd>рак пищевода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>PET/CT</kwd><kwd>68Ga-FAPI</kwd><kwd>18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose</kwd><kwd>esophageal cancer</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74(3):229-63. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21841. PMID: 38506106.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2023 г. (заболеваемость и смертность). Под ред. Каприн А.Д., Старинский В.В., Шахзадова А.О. МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России, 2024. 276 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2023 г. (заболеваемость и смертность). Под ред. Каприн А.Д., Старинский В.В., Шахзадова А.О. МНИОИ им. П.А. Герцена — филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России, 2024. 276 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malignant neoplasms in Russia in 2023 (morbidity and mortality). Ed. by Kaprin A.D., Starinsky V.V., Shakhzadova A.O. Moscow: P.A. Herzen Moscow State Medical Research Institute — branch of «NMIC of Radiology», Ministry of Health of Russia, 2024. 276 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malignant neoplasms in Russia in 2023 (morbidity and mortality). Ed. by Kaprin A.D., Starinsky V.V., Shakhzadova A.O. Moscow: P.A. Herzen Moscow State Medical Research Institute — branch of «NMIC of Radiology», Ministry of Health of Russia, 2024. 276 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang LD, Li X, Song XK, et al. Clinical characteristics of 272 437 patients with different histopathological subtypes of primary esophageal malignant tumors. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2022;61(9):1023-30. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20210929-00668. PMID: 36008295.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang LD, Li X, Song XK, et al. Clinical characteristics of 272 437 patients with different histopathological subtypes of primary esophageal malignant tumors. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. 2022;61(9):1023-30. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20210929-00668. PMID: 36008295.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shapiro J, van Lanschot JJB, Hulshof MCCM, et al. CROSS study group. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for oesophageal or junctional cancer (CROSS): long-term results of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(9):1090-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00040-6. PMID: 26254683.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shapiro J, van Lanschot JJB, Hulshof MCCM, et al. CROSS study group. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for oesophageal or junctional cancer (CROSS): long-term results of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(9):1090-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(15)00040-6. PMID: 26254683.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goel R, Subramaniam RM, Wachsmann JW. PET/Computed tomography scanning and precision medicine: esophageal cancer. PET Clin. 2017;12(4):373-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpet.2017.05.001. PMID: 28867110.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goel R, Subramaniam RM, Wachsmann JW. PET/Computed tomography scanning and precision medicine: esophageal cancer. PET Clin. 2017;12(4):373-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpet.2017.05.001. PMID: 28867110.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deng J, Chu X, Ren Z, et al. Relationship between T stage and survival in distantly metastatic esophageal cancer: A STROBE-compliant study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(19):e20064. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000020064. PMID: 32384472.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deng J, Chu X, Ren Z, et al. Relationship between T stage and survival in distantly metastatic esophageal cancer: A STROBE-compliant study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(19):e20064. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000020064. PMID: 32384472.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Obermannova R, Alsina M, Cervantes A, et al. Oesophageal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2022;33(10):992-1004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.003. PMID: 35914638.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Obermannova R, Alsina M, Cervantes A, et al. Oesophageal cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2022;33(10):992-1004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.003. PMID: 35914638.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van Vliet EPM, Heijenbrok-Kal MH, Hunink MG, et al. Staging investigations for oesophageal cancer: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer. 2008;98(3):547-57. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6604200. PMID: 18212745.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van Vliet EPM, Heijenbrok-Kal MH, Hunink MG, et al. Staging investigations for oesophageal cancer: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer. 2008;98(3):547-57. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6604200. PMID: 18212745.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mine S, Tanaka K, Kawachi H, et al. Japanese classification of esophageal cancer: part I. Esophagus. 2024;21(3):179-215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10388-024-01054-y. PMID: 38568243.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mine S, Tanaka K, Kawachi H, et al. Japanese classification of esophageal cancer: part I. Esophagus. 2024;21(3):179-215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10388-024-01054-y. PMID: 38568243.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shuto K, Kono T, Shiratori T, et al. Diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in assessing lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer compared with PET. Esophagus. 2020;17(3):239-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10388-019-00704-w. PMID: 31820208.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shuto K, Kono T, Shiratori T, et al. Diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in assessing lymph node metastasis of esophageal cancer compared with PET. Esophagus. 2020;17(3):239-49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10388-019-00704-w. PMID: 31820208.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рак пищевода и кардии. МКБ10: С15, С16.0. Клинические рекомендации. Министерство Здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Ассоциация онкологов России, Общероссийская общественная организация «Российское общество клинической онкологии», Общероссийская общественная организация «Российское общество онкопатологов». — М., 2024. Доступно по: https://oncology-association.ru/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/kr_rak-pishhevoda-i-kardii_aor_28.06.2024-bez-kommentariev-s-pravkami_final.docx.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Рак пищевода и кардии. МКБ10: С15, С16.0. Клинические рекомендации. Министерство Здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Ассоциация онкологов России, Общероссийская общественная организация «Российское общество клинической онкологии», Общероссийская общественная организация «Российское общество онкопатологов». — М., 2024. Доступно по: https://oncology-association.ru/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/kr_rak-pishhevoda-i-kardii_aor_28.06.2024-bez-kommentariev-s-pravkami_final.docx.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lowe VJ, Booya F, Fletcher JG, et al. Comparison of positron emission tomography, computed tomography, and endoscopic ultrasound in the initial staging of patients with esophageal cancer. Mol Imaging Biol. 2005;7(6):422-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-005-0017-0. PMID: 16270235.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lowe VJ, Booya F, Fletcher JG, et al. Comparison of positron emission tomography, computed tomography, and endoscopic ultrasound in the initial staging of patients with esophageal cancer. Mol Imaging Biol. 2005;7(6):422-30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11307-005-0017-0. PMID: 16270235.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cuellar SL, Carter BW, Macapinlac HA, et al. Clinical staging of patients with early esophageal adenocarcinoma: does FDG-PET/CT have a role? J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(8):1202-06. https://doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0000000000000222. PMID: 25157774.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cuellar SL, Carter BW, Macapinlac HA, et al. Clinical staging of patients with early esophageal adenocarcinoma: does FDG-PET/CT have a role? J Thorac Oncol. 2014;9(8):1202-06. https://doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0000000000000222. PMID: 25157774.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shi W, Wang W, Wang J, et al. Meta-analysis of 18FDG PET-CT for nodal staging in patients with esophageal cancer. Surg Oncol. 2013;22(2):112-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suronc.2013.02.003. PMID: 23478047.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shi W, Wang W, Wang J, et al. Meta-analysis of 18FDG PET-CT for nodal staging in patients with esophageal cancer. Surg Oncol. 2013;22(2):112-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.suronc.2013.02.003. PMID: 23478047.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deja A, Włodarczyk M. Esophageal cancer — the utility of PET/CT in staging prior to chemoradiation. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2023;28(5):608-11. https://doi.org/10.5603/rpor.96869. PMID: 38179288.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deja A, Włodarczyk M. Esophageal cancer — the utility of PET/CT in staging prior to chemoradiation. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2023;28(5):608-11. https://doi.org/10.5603/rpor.96869. PMID: 38179288.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sahai E, Astsaturov I, Cukierman E, et al. A framework for advancing our understanding of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Nat Rev Cancer. 2020;20(3):174-86. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41568-019-0238-1. PMID: 31980749.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sahai E, Astsaturov I, Cukierman E, et al. A framework for advancing our understanding of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Nat Rev Cancer. 2020;20(3):174-86. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41568-019-0238-1. PMID: 31980749.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fitzgerald AA, Weiner LM. The role of fibroblast activation protein in health and malignancy. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2020;39(3):783-803. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-020-09909-3. PMID: 32601975.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fitzgerald AA, Weiner LM. The role of fibroblast activation protein in health and malignancy. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2020;39(3):783-803. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-020-09909-3. PMID: 32601975.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kashima H, Noma K, Ohara T, et al. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote the lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 2019;144(4):828-40. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31953. PMID: 30367467.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kashima H, Noma K, Ohara T, et al. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote the lymph node metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 2019;144(4):828-40. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31953. PMID: 30367467.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Y, Yang W, Wang Q, et al. Mechanisms of esophageal cancer metastasis and treatment progress. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1206504. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206504. PMID: 37359527.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Y, Yang W, Wang Q, et al. Mechanisms of esophageal cancer metastasis and treatment progress. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1206504. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206504. PMID: 37359527.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bughda R, Dimou P, D’Souza RR, et al. Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP)-targeted CAR-T cells: launching an attack on tumor stroma. Immunotargets Ther. 2021;10:313-23. https://doi.org/10.2147/ITT.S291767. PMID: 34386436.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bughda R, Dimou P, D’Souza RR, et al. Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP)-targeted CAR-T cells: launching an attack on tumor stroma. Immunotargets Ther. 2021;10:313-23. https://doi.org/10.2147/ITT.S291767. PMID: 34386436.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loktev A, Lindner T, Mier W, et al. A tumor-imaging method targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts. J Nucl Med. 2018;59(9):1423-9. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.118.210435. PMID: 29626120.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loktev A, Lindner T, Mier W, et al. A tumor-imaging method targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts. J Nucl Med. 2018;59(9):1423-9. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.118.210435. PMID: 29626120.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kömek H, Can C, Güzel Y, et al. 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT, a new step in breast cancer imaging: A comparative pilot study with the 18F-FDG PET/CT. Ann Nucl Med. 2021;35(6):744-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-021-01616-5. PMID: 33934311.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kömek H, Can C, Güzel Y, et al. 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT, a new step in breast cancer imaging: A comparative pilot study with the 18F-FDG PET/CT. Ann Nucl Med. 2021;35(6):744-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-021-01616-5. PMID: 33934311.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lan L, Liu H, Wang Y, et al. The potential utility of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 as a novel broad-spectrum oncological and non-oncological imaging agent—comparison with [¹⁸F]FDG. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2022;49:963-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-021-05522-w. PMID: 34410435.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lan L, Liu H, Wang Y, et al. The potential utility of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 as a novel broad-spectrum oncological and non-oncological imaging agent—comparison with [¹⁸F]FDG. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2022;49:963-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-021-05522-w. PMID: 34410435.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kratochwil C, Flechsig P, Lindner T, et al. 68Ga-FAPI PET/ CT: Tracer Uptake in 28 Different Kinds of Cancer. J Nucl Med. 2019 Jun;60(6):801-5. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.119.227967. PMID: 30954939.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kratochwil C, Flechsig P, Lindner T, et al. 68Ga-FAPI PET/ CT: Tracer Uptake in 28 Different Kinds of Cancer. J Nucl Med. 2019 Jun;60(6):801-5. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.119.227967. PMID: 30954939.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu H, Hu Z, Yang X, et al. Comparison of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [¹⁸F]FDG uptake in esophageal cancer. Front Oncol. 2022;12:875081. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.875081. PMID: 35785188.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu H, Hu Z, Yang X, et al. Comparison of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 and [¹⁸F]FDG uptake in esophageal cancer. Front Oncol. 2022;12:875081. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.875081. PMID: 35785188.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu H, Yang X, You Z, et al. Role of ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT in the initial staging of esophageal cancer. Nuklearmedizin. 2023;62(1):38-44. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1984-8044. PMID: 36746149.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu H, Yang X, You Z, et al. Role of ⁶⁸Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT in the initial staging of esophageal cancer. Nuklearmedizin. 2023;62(1):38-44. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1984-8044. PMID: 36746149.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kröger K, Pepper NB, Ventura D, et al. FAPI-PET/CT guided radiotherapy for patients with esophageal cancer. Radiat Oncol. 2025;20(1):29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13014-025-02606-x. PMID: 40022163.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kröger K, Pepper NB, Ventura D, et al. FAPI-PET/CT guided radiotherapy for patients with esophageal cancer. Radiat Oncol. 2025;20(1):29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13014-025-02606-x. PMID: 40022163.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tabola R, Zaremba-Czogalla M, Baczynska D, et al. Fibroblast activating protein-α expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus in primary and irradiated tumors: the use of archival FFPE material for molecular techniques. Eur J Histochem. 2017;20;61(2):2793. https://doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2017.2793. PMID: 28735527.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tabola R, Zaremba-Czogalla M, Baczynska D, et al. Fibroblast activating protein-α expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus in primary and irradiated tumors: the use of archival FFPE material for molecular techniques. Eur J Histochem. 2017;20;61(2):2793. https://doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2017.2793. PMID: 28735527.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goscinski MA, Suo Z, Flørenes VA, et al. FAP-alpha and uPA show different expression patterns in premalignant and malignant esophageal lesions. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2008;32(3):89-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/01913120802034934. PMID: 18570153.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goscinski MA, Suo Z, Flørenes VA, et al. FAP-alpha and uPA show different expression patterns in premalignant and malignant esophageal lesions. Ultrastruct Pathol. 2008;32(3):89-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/01913120802034934. PMID: 18570153.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang X, You Z, Mou C, et al. Esophagitis Mimicking Esophageal Cancer on 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med. 2022;1;47(3):279-80. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0000000000003907. PMID: 34653055.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang X, You Z, Mou C, et al. Esophagitis Mimicking Esophageal Cancer on 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT. Clin Nucl Med. 2022;1;47(3):279-80. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0000000000003907. PMID: 34653055.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu Q, Shi S, Xu X, et al. The superiority of [68Ga]-FAPI-04 over [18F]-FDG PET/CT in imaging metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021;48(4):1248-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-020-04997-3. PMID: 32857182.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu Q, Shi S, Xu X, et al. The superiority of [68Ga]-FAPI-04 over [18F]-FDG PET/CT in imaging metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021;48(4):1248-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-020-04997-3. PMID: 32857182.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bentestuen M, Al-Obaydi N, Zacho HD. FAPI-avid nonmalignant PET/CT findings: An expedited systematic review. Semin Nucl Med. 2023;53(5):694-705. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.02.001. PMID: 36813670</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bentestuen M, Al-Obaydi N, Zacho HD. FAPI-avid nonmalignant PET/CT findings: An expedited systematic review. Semin Nucl Med. 2023;53(5):694-705. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2023.02.001. PMID: 36813670</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
