ojrdrtОнкологический журнал: лучевая диагностика, лучевая терапияJournal of oncology: diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy2587-75932713-167XНЕКОММЕРЧЕСКОЕ ПАРТНЕРСТВО «ОБЩЕСТВО ИНТЕРВЕНЦИОННЫХ ОНКОРАДИОЛОГОВ»10.37174/2587-7593-2023-6-3-41-48ojrdrt-315Research ArticleЛУЧЕВАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКАDIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGYСовременные методы визуализации образований молочных желез (обзорная статья)Modern Methods of Imaging of Breast Neoplasms (Literature Review)https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8193-6657ГаранинаА. Э.GaraninaA. E.

Гаранина Анна Эдуардовна — аспирант кафедры лучевой диагностики ; врач ультразвуковой диагностики

191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, 41; 190013, Санкт-Петербург, Московский пр., 22, литер А

41, Kirochnaya str., St. Petersburg, 191015; 22, letter A, Moskovsky prosp., St. Petersburg, 190013

anna.garanina.90@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8227-1530ХолинА. В.KholinA. V.

Холин Александр Васильевич  — д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой лучевой диагностики

191015, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, 41

41, Kirochnaya str., St. Petersburg, 191015

holin1959@list.ruСеверо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова; Клиника СМТ АО Поликлинический комплексРоссияI.I. Mechnikov North-West State Medical University; SMT Clinic JSC Polyclinic ComplexRussian FederationСеверо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. МечниковаРоссияI.I. Mechnikov North-West State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202315102023634148Copyright © Гаранина А.Э., Холин А.В., 20232023Гаранина А.Э., Холин А.В.Garanina A.E., Kholin A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.oncoradjournal.ru/jour/article/view/315

Высокий уровень заболеваемости раком молочной железы (РМЖ) остается таковым на сегодняшний день, поэтому актуальным является изучение новых лучевых методов исследования молочной железы (МЖ), позволяющих выявлять новообразования на самых ранних этапах его развития. Цель работы — изучить современные лучевые методы диагностики рака молочных желез, применяемые для оптимизации скрининговых программ. Был выполнен систематический поиск публикаций в базах РИНЦ, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, опубликованных в 2012–2022 гг. по вопросам диагностики РМЖ, по ключевым словам: рак молочной железы, маммография, цифровая маммография с томосинтезом, контрастная спектральная двухэнергетическая маммография, позитронно-эмиссионная компьютерная томография, компьютерная томография, однофотонная эмиссионная компьютерная томография, ультразвуковой томосинтез, ультразвуковое исследование, магнитно-резонансная томография. Существующие методы диагностики РМЖ имеют определенные преимущества и недостатки, учет которых необходим при составлении плана уточняющих диагностических мероприятий, в том числе у женщин с высокой плотностью молочных желез. Следует обратить внимание на перспективные методы диагностики РМЖ на ранней стадии — цифровую маммографию с томосинтезом, двухэнергетическую спектральную контрастную маммографию, короткий протокол МРТ молочных желез, ультразвуковой томосинтез — дальнейшее изучение которых позволит оптимизировать подход к диагностике новообразований МЖ у женщин. Малоизученность возможностей этих методов требует проведения дальнейших исследований для оптимизации алгоритма скрининга РМЖ, улучшения показателей раннего выявления РМЖ и повышения экономической эффективности.

High incidence of breast cancer is unchanged; therefore, it is relevant to study the possibilities of modern radiological methods for the diagnostics of breast cancer at an early stage. The purpose of the study was to analyze current trends of breast cancer diagnostics at early stages by modern imaging methods according to the literature. The systematic search was performed for reviews and meta-analyses in RSCI, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science databases, published from 2012 to 2022, on breast cancer diagnostics using the keywords: breast cancer, mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis, Contrast-Enhanced Spectral Mammography, positron emission computed tomography, computed tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, ultrasound, ultrasound tomosynthesis, magnetic resonance imaging. Out of 100 publications published over the past 10 years, 48 were included in the presented review. The existing methods of diagnosing breast cancer have certain advantages and disadvantages relative to each other, the consideration of which is necessary when drawing up a plan of clarifying diagnostic measures, including women with high breast density. Promising methods of diagnosing breast cancer at an early stage — digital tomosynthesis, ultrasound tomosynthesis, dual-energy spectral contrast mammography, short MRI protocol are new and could be optimize the approach to the diagnosis of breast lesions in women with high breast density. This poorly studied methods require further research to optimize the breast cancer-screening algorithm, improve the indicators of early detection of breast cancer and increase economic efficiency.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.