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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ojrdrt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Онкологический журнал: лучевая диагностика, лучевая терапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of oncology: diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-7593</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-167X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НЕКОММЕРЧЕСКОЕ ПАРТНЕРСТВО «ОБЩЕСТВО ИНТЕРВЕНЦИОННЫХ ОНКОРАДИОЛОГОВ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37174/2587-7593-2023-6-2-45-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ojrdrt-298</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛУЧЕВАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DIAGNOSTIC RADIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МРТ-семиотика и сложности дифференциальной диагностики метастазов нейроэндокринных опухолей в печени</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MRI Semiotics Features and Difficulties of Differential Diagnosis of Hepatic Metastases from Neuroendocrine Tumours</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1295-4106</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаптева</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapteva</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаптева Мария Георгиевна — к.м.н., врач-рентгенологрентгенодиагностического отделения НИИ КиЭР</p><p>AuthorID: 1007893</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mglapteva@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0927-6885</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеева</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeeva</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергеева Ольга Николаевна — к.м.н., с.н.с. отделениярентгенохирургических методов диагностики и лечения отдела интервенционной радиологии НИИ КиЭР,</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">7s_olga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6965-8236</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перегудов</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Peregudov</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Перегудов Николай Александрович— врач-аспирант отделения рентгенэндоваскулярных методов диагностики и лечения НИИ КиЭР</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">peregudov.nikolaj95@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0480-8467</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буйденок</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buydenok</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Буйденок Юрий Владимирович — д.м.н., в.н.с. НИИКиЭР</p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">buydenok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7185-7165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгушин</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgushin</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Долгушин Борис Иванович — д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, директор НИИ КиЭР </p><p>115478, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>24 Kashirskoye Shosse, Moscow, 115478</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dolgushinb@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лаптева М.Г., Сергеева О.Н., Перегудов Н.А., Буйденок Ю.В., Долгушин Б.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лаптева М.Г., Сергеева О.Н., Перегудов Н.А., Буйденок Ю.В., Долгушин Б.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lapteva M.G., Sergeeva O.N., Peregudov N.A., Buydenok Y.V., Dolgushin B.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.oncoradjournal.ru/jour/article/view/298">https://www.oncoradjournal.ru/jour/article/view/298</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность: Наиболее распространённым паттерном метастазирования нейроэндокринных опухолей (НЭО) является изолированное множественное билобарное поражение печени. На этапе первичного обследования пациентов с НЭО имеет место частая недооценка количества метастазов в печени, что приводит к большому числу послеоперационных рецидивов (более чем в 60 % случаев в течение 5 лет).</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: Определить МРТ-характеристики метастазов НЭО в печени, а также рассмотреть наиболее сложные диагностические случаи.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы: В исследование были включены 103 пациента с морфологически верифицированными метастазами НЭО печени. Всем больным была выполнена МРТ брюшной полости с контрастным усилением (КУ). В общей сложности был оценен 241 очаг в печени, в котором были измерены количественные показатели интенсивности сигнала (ИС) на нативных и постконтрастных Т1- взвешенных изображениях (ВИ). Дополнительно качественно оценивались форма, контуры, поверхность метастазов, характер КУ, наличие в структуре продуктов деградации гемоглобина и уровней границы сред.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Вторичное поражение печени при НЭО наиболее часто имеет множественный характер: у 78 (75,7 %) пациентов при первичной диагностике отмечалось наличие 5 и более очагов. Метастазы имели округлую форму в 53,5 % случаев, овальную — в 17,5 % случаев, неправильную — в 29 % случаев. В 61 % случаев контуры очагов были чёткие, в 39 % — нечёткие. Ровная и бугристая поверхность метастазов определялась в 31,5 и 68,5 % случаев соответственно. Наличие продуктов деградации гемоглобина в структуре метастазов определялось у 26,2 % пациентов с формированием уровней границы сред у 8,1 %. Большинство очагов имели гиперинтенсивный сигнал на Т2-ВИ с и без FS и гипоинтенсивный сигнал на нативных Т1-ВИ. В артериальную фазу соотношение очагов с активным, умеренным и слабым накоплением МР-контрастного средства (МРКС) составляет 30,8, 32,6 и 36,6 % соответственно, в венозную — 16,3, 55,4 и 28,3 % соответственно. Значения ИКД существенно варьировали. В ряде случаев мелкие метастазы НЭО визуализировались только в артериальную фазу КУ и не определялись на других МР-последовательностях, что требовало дифференциальной диагностики с другими гиперваскулярными очагами печени.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: Описана МРТ-семиотика метастазирования НЭО в печень. Мелкие очаги активного накопления МРКС в артериальную фазу при наличии первичной НЭО необходимо в первую очередь дифференцировать с метастатическим поражением.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance: Isolated bilobar multifocal hepatic lesion is consider to be the most common metastatic neuroendocrine tumor(NET) growth pattern. Underestimation of the metastatic burden in the NET patients at the initial diagnosis frequently occurs, thus leading to a high postoperative recurrence rate (more than 60 % of cases within 5 years).</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: To identify the MRI-hallmarks of liver metastatic NETs and to present the most difficult diagnostic cases.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: 103 patients with histology confirmed liver metastatic NET were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent abdominal contrast-enhanced (CE) MRI. A total of 241 lesions were assessed. Quantitative indicators of signal intensity (SI) on native and post-contrast T1-weighted images (WI) were measured in metastases. Additionally, the shape, contours, surface of metastases, SI on native images, characteristics of CE, the presence of hemoglobin degradation products and the boundary levels in the structure of metastases were qualitatively assessed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Metastatic liver disease in NET is mostly multifocal: 78 (75.7 %) patients had 5 or more lesions. Metastases were round in 53.5 % of cases, oval in 17.5 % of cases, irregular in 29 % of cases. In 61 % of cases, the contours of the lesions were clear, in 39 % — indistinct. Smooth and bumpy surface of metastases was determined in 31.5 % and 68.5 % of cases, respectively. The presence of hemoglobin degradation products in the structure of metastases was determined in 26.2 % of patients, the formation of the boundary levels — in 8.1 % of patients. Most of the lesions had a hyperintense signal on T2-WI with and without FS and a hypointense signal on native T1-WI. The proportions of actively, moderately and poorly MR contrast agent (MRCA) enhanced lesions were 30.8, 32.6 and 36.6 %, in the arterial phase and 16.3, 55.4 and 28.3 % in the venous phase, respectively. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values varied significantly. In some cases, small metastatic NET were visualized only in the arterial phase of CE and were not detected on other MRI sequences, thus requiring differentiation from other hepatic hypervascular lesions.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The MRI semiotics features of hepatic metastases from NETs is described. Small flesions of active accumulation of MRCA in the arterial phase in the presence of primary NET must be differentiated from metastatic lesions.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нейроэндокринная опухоль</kwd><kwd>метастаз</kwd><kwd>дифференциальная диагностика</kwd><kwd>печень</kwd><kwd>МРТ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neuroendocrine tumor</kwd><kwd>metastases</kwd><kwd>differential diagnosis</kwd><kwd>liver</kwd><kwd>MRI</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramage J, Ahmed A, Ardill J, et al. Guidelines for the management of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine (including carcinoid) tumours (NETs). Gut. 2011;61(1):6- 32. DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300831.PMID: 22052063.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramage J, Ahmed A, Ardill J, et al. 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