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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ojrdrt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Онкологический журнал: лучевая диагностика, лучевая терапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Journal of oncology: diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-7593</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2713-167X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>НЕКОММЕРЧЕСКОЕ ПАРТНЕРСТВО «ОБЩЕСТВО ИНТЕРВЕНЦИОННЫХ ОНКОРАДИОЛОГОВ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37174/2587-7593-2022-5-4-9-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ojrdrt-261</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛУЧЕВАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RADIOTHERAPY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Флэш-эффект в лучевой терапии злокачественных новообразований и поиски его радиобиологического объяснения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Flash-Effect in Radiotherapy of Tumors and the Problems of its Radiobiological Substantiation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4503-3813</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вайнсон</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wainson</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вайнсон Адольф Адольфович  — д.б.н., главный научный консультант лаборатории радионуклидных и лучевых технологий в экспериментальной онкологии отдела радиоизотопной диагностики и терапии НИИ КиЭР, профессорSPIN-код: 9445-5350Scopus Author ID: 6602946829</p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115478, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 24</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wainson@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8082-7854</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловьева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovieva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соловьева Елена Викторовна — к.м.н., м.н.с. лаборатории радионуклидных и лучевых технологий в экспериментальной онкологии отдела радиоизотопной диагностики и терапии НИИ КиЭР</p><p>115478 Москва, Каширское шоссе, 24</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>115478, Moscow, Kashirskoye Highway, 24</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.v.solovieva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вайнсон А.А., Соловьева Е.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вайнсон А.А., Соловьева Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Wainson A.A., Solovieva E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.oncoradjournal.ru/jour/article/view/261">https://www.oncoradjournal.ru/jour/article/view/261</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведен анализ литературы по использованию облучения со сверхвысокой мощностью дозы в лучевой терапии злокачественных новообразований. В 2014 г. авторы, среди которых самыми упоминаемыми являются Винсент Фаводон и Мари-Катрин Воженин, дали ему название флэш-эффекта. Отметим, однако, что сотрудник нашей лаборатории С.В. Козин совместно с сотрудниками ИТЭФ еще в 1984 г., изучив реакцию перевивной опухоли и кожи мышей после облучения протонами со сверхвысокой и обычной мощностью дозы, сделал вывод, что «… увеличение мощности дозы до сверхвысокой, существенно не изменяя лучевые реакции опухолей, приводит к защите кожи мышей, что связывается с проявлением эффекта радиационно-химического поглощения кислорода. Таким образом, при определенных условиях проведения лучевой терапии можно рассчитывать на получение терапевтического выигрыша за счет облучения с высокой мощностью дозы». Рассмотрению целесообразности и возможности использования однократного облучения с мощностью дозы в десятки Гр/с при лучевой терапии опухолей сейчас уделяется особое внимание. Можно считать установленным, что при этом происходит меньшее повреждение кожи, легких, кишечника и некоторых других тканей, чем при обычных для лучевой терапии мощностях подведения дозы. Более того, ряд исследований указывает на усиление при этом лучевого поражения опухолей, или, по крайней мере, на значительно меньшее снижение степени их поражения. Радиобиологические механизмы остаются неясными. Сам эффект представляет несомненный клинический и экспериментальный интерес и обосновывает проведение экспериментальных и клинических исследований, а также необходимость его учета при разработке новой аппаратуры для облучения и проведения сопровождающей лечебный процесс дозиметрии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The published data regarding radiation therapy of tumors treatment with ultrahigh dose rate radiation has been analyzed. In 2014, the authors, among whom the most mentioned are Vincent Favaudon and MarieCatherine Vozenin, named it the flash effect. Note, however, that a member of our laboratory, S.V. Kozin in the collaboration with ITEP researchers, back in 1984, having studied the reaction of a graft tumors and the mice skin after the proton irradiation with the ultrahigh and ordinary dose rates, concluded that: ‘... an increase in the radiation dose rate to ultrahigh, without significantly changing radiation reactions of tumors, leads to the protection of the mice skin, which is associated with the manifestation of the effect of radiation-chemical absorption of oxygen. Thus, under certain conditions of radiotherapy, one can expect to receive a therapeutic gain due to use the radiation with a high dose rate’. Consideration of the expediency and possibility of using a single irradiation with a dose rate of tens of Gy/s in radiation therapy of tumors is now given a special attention. It can be considered as established that less damage to the skin, lungs, intestines, and some other tissues occurs in this case in comparison with the usual dose rates used for the radiation therapy. Moreover, a number of studies indicate an increase in radiation damage to the tumors, or at least a much smaller decrease in the degree of their damage. The radiobiological mechanisms remain unclear. The effect itself is of undoubted clinical and experimental interest and justifies the conduct of experimental and clinical studies, as well as the need to take it into account when developing new equipment for radiation therapy and dosimetry accompanying the treatment process.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лучевая терапия</kwd><kwd>опухоли</kwd><kwd>расширение терапевтического интервала</kwd><kwd>флэш-эффект</kwd><kwd>лучевое поражение нормальных тканей</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>radiotherapy</kwd><kwd>tumors</kwd><kwd>augmentation of the therapeutic window</kwd><kwd>flash-effect</kwd><kwd>normal tissues radiation damage</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Favaudon V, Caplier L, Monceau V, et al. Ultrahigh dose-rate FLASH irradiation increases the differential response between normal and tumor. 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